The author notes that the scope of public decision-making continues to shrink. The judiciary and regulatory authorities are independent of political power. Governments are largely powerless to reduce unemployment, deal with financial crises, protect the environment, integrate the European market, accommodate migrants … “Treating the world as a commodity” raises more and more questions from the public about the preservation of “common goods”. These include the planet, water, air, biodiversity, heritage, knowledge, etc. The notion of common goods is however subjective, because it depends on the desires of each individual, which are oriented towards work or leisure, consumption or solidarity, secularism or religion, etc. In order to remove “this veil of ignorance”, Jean Tirole invites everyone to apply a method initiated in the 18th century by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, which consists of imagining the organization of the society in which one would like to live and the position that one would like to occupy there. The author shows that citizens – regardless of their social status and their professions – are subject to a growing number of incentives issued by the various institutions of the market economy. These incentives must serve the common good by framing its private uses. The purpose of economic science is not to prioritize common goods, but rather to show the issues attached to their preservation and to build the tools to better manage them. It is therefore at the service of a governance of common goods that is intermediate between the “all-State” and the “all-market”. In the war between economists, Jean Tirole has clearly chosen his side, displaying himself as resolutely liberal. Nevertheless, he supports the principle of a modern and efficient state that is capable of strategy in order to better regulate finance and prevent economic and social crises.